NASA Tests Orion Spacecraft's Parachutes In Arizona Desert

By Amanda Solliday
Published: Thursday, August 27, 2015 - 10:35am
Updated: Thursday, August 27, 2015 - 12:04pm
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(Photo by Amanda Solliday - KAWC)
The Orion crew checks the mock capsule after test landing on Aug. 26, 2015.

Before mankind takes that giant leap to Mars, there are a lot of smaller steps men and women are taking here on Earth to prepare for the mission.

A plane dropped a model of the Orion spacecraft from 35,000 feet above the U.S. Army’s Yuma Proving Ground on Wednesday to test the capsule’s landing parachutes.

This remote part of the Sonoran Desert is a perfect place for a spacecraft test. You can usually count on a few things like no rain, few clouds and an isolated place to land.

NASA engineer Michele Parker said the location and good weather allow the scientists to take reliable measurements of the angle and speed when the mock Orion capsule lands. And if anything goes wrong, it’s easy to spot.

“You’ll see it coming down really fast," Parker said.

NASA hopes the real Orion capsule will fly to an asteroid and then on to Mars in the mid-2030s.

When Orion and crew return to Earth after a mission, 11 large parachutes will slow the capsule — from 20,000 mph down to 20 mph — as it re-enters the atmosphere and lands in the ocean.

Of the 11 parachutes, three are considered the main parachutes that slow the spacecraft. There are other parachutes that pull out the main chutes, stabilize the capsule and pull off a protective cover. The parachutes are made of Kevlar – a material also used in bullet-proof vests – and nylon.

Previous tests at looked one parachute failure. For this test, by design, two of these parachutes will fail — a main parachute and a stabilizing one called a drogue.

The team wants to see if what the landing they predicted through modeling and wind tunnel tests will actually happen in an environment more close to actual flight conditions.

“The system is designed to land beautifully like that, on just one drogue and two main," said Parker.

For the next few months, Parker’s team will look at the test results to see how the system handled the stress of the landing. They will also check the parachutes for even the smallest rip or tear.

There will be one more unmanned Orion parachute test before NASA can begin test runs with crew members inside the capsule.

Updated 8/27/2015 at 10:57 a.m.

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